Carbureter



H. C. WAITE.

CARBUHETER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 10. 191".

Patented J unO 14, 1921. I

I i l a ATEN-r orricn.

HARRY C. WAI'IE, OF ELGIN, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THERE/It) CARBURETORV(70., OF

GHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A. CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 14, 1921.

Application filed September 10, 1917. Serial No. 190,462.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY C. VVAITE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Elgin, in the county of Kane and State of Illinois, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Carbureters, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in carbureters forinternal combusnection with the accompanying drawing, in

which-- Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section through a carbureterconstructed in accordancewith the invention and Fig. 2 is a fragmentary.section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 and showing the auxiliary or startingcarbureter and its attachment to the main carbureter.

a The carbureter of the present invention is particularly designed foruse with relatively heavy or non-volatile fuels and to that endcomprises an auxiliary or starting carbureter-of simple form andintended to handle a relatively vo atile fuel for starting and warmingup the internal combustion engine and a main or running 'carbureter forhandling a non-volatile fuel and embodying adequate heating devices forinsuring vaporiza- I v tion of the non-volatile fuel, the auxiliarycarbureter and the mainor running carbureter forming a single structuralunit adapted for attachment in the usual manner to the intake manifoldof the internal combustion engine.

- Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 10 designatesthe body casting of the main carburetor, this casting having an open topcentral chamber 11 which constitutes the mixing chamber of thecarburetor and alining air inlet and mixture outlet nipples 12 and 13,the latter being intended for connection to the inlet manifold of theengine. The inlet nipple 12 projects into the mixing chamber 11, theprojection being in the form of a elbow 14, the inner end of which isfaced to form a valve seat for cooperating with a flapvalve 15whichvswingsupon a pintle 16 disposedhorizontally in the body casting.One method of securing the flap-valve upon its pintle is illustrated inthe drawings, the valve plate being here curved as shown at 17 toembrace the far side of the pintle while a downturned tongue 18 bearsupon the near side of thepintle. The valve 15 is normally held to itsseat by a leaf-spring 19, one upwardly-curved end of which bears uponthe outer face of the valve while the other downwardly-curved endembraces a second horizontal pintle 20. A fiat cover plate 21which'oloses the open top of the mixing chamberand is secured thereto asby the screws 22, carries an adjustment screw 23 which bears upon theupper face of the leaf-spring 19 adjacent the pintle of the latter. 5

The float chamber of the carbureter designated 24: is spaced somedistance below the body casting 10 being connected therewith by atubularheater 25 having inlet and outlet nipples 26, 27, by which the exhaustgases of the internal combustion engine may be led through its bore. Adepending boss-carried by the top 28 of the float chamber extends belowthe normal liquid level therein and is bored to provide an air inletpassage 29 and a fuel outlet passage 30. The chamber connecting thesetwo passages is closed by a double-flanged stud 31 whichalso supportsthe bowl of the float chamber and carries the fuel nozzle 32. Thisnozzle member )rojects into the fuel passage 30 forming t erewith anatomizing device for spraying the liquid fuel. A thin walled tube 33connects the bore 30 with the body casting 10 passing centrally throughthe heater 25 and terminating at approximately the level of the lowerend of the flap-valve 15 within the mixing chamber. The air inletpassage 29 is connected with the air inlet nipple 12 of the body castingby a similar thin walled tube 34. Outside of the point of connectionwith the tube. 34, the nipple 12 may be provided with abutterfly-strangle valve 36 for construction and requiring no particulardea. v scription, Since theauxiliary carbureter is intended only forstarting and initially warming the engine, it may be of very small Isize and of the simple form illustrated.

' In the operation of my improved carbureting apparatus the float well40 of the auxiliary carbureter is supplied with relatively volatilefuel, such as gasolene, while the float well 24 of-the main carbureteris supplied with relatively non-volatile fuel, such as kerosene. Tostart the internal combustion engine to which the carbureting apparatusis connected, the throttle valve 4L3 of the auxiliary carbui'eter isbroughtto the full openposition, any necessary controlling effect beingobtained through the main throttle valve 37, the volatile fuel in theauxiliarycarbureter is readily vaporized carbureting the air passingtherethrough and supplying this mixture to the mixing chamber 11 andthence to the connected internal combustion engine for starting the sameand running without load or with very light load .tube 33. spring 19 andthe weight of the valve 15 will be such that the latter will open to asmall.

until the engine becomesheated up. Meanwhile, the jet 32 of the maincarbureter will have been exposed to suction and a certain smallquantity of the non-volatile fuel will have been drawn upwardly with theair passing through the heater tube 33. Owing to the thin walledconstruction of the tubes 33, 34, they-will become heated to arelatively high temperature 'almost immediately after the engine isstarted and upon becoming heated will cause the vaporization of theheavy fuel carried in suspension in the ascending current of air. Asthis vaporization becomes more complete, the mixture supplied to theengine will become 'richer and within a short interval of time it ispossible to close the throttle 'valve 43 of the auxiliary carburetor,the engine thereafter operating upon the mixture of vaporized heavy fuelsupplied by the main carbureter.

Under the suction of the engine the auxiliary or diluting air valve 15will be drawn open against the resistance'of the leaf-spring 19 to admitgoverned quantities of diluting air to the relatively rich mixturedelivered into the mixing chamber from the heater In general, thetension of the extent even when the carbureter is supplying the minimumquantity of the mixture,

- it being found desirable to proportion the carbureter parts so thatunder practically all conditions the mixture delivered into the mixingchamber from theheater tube 33 shall be over-rich, that is, shallcontain a larger percentage of fuel than is required ing in effeecttherefore an oil-vaporizing tube through which a small quantity of airsweeps for thepurpose of carrying along the vaporized oil. In general,it will be preferable to preheat the air entering the main carburetingair inlet nipple 12, this preheating to be accomplished by connection ofthe nipple to a carbureter air heater of any common form. Under theseoperating conditions, therefore, the entire mass of air ad-' mitted tothe carbureter is heated in the usual manner, and in addition a smallproportion of this preheated .air is utilized for aspirating andatomizing the fuel from the nozzle 32, and sweeping the atomized'fuelthrough the heating tube 33 and into the mixing chamber 11, where itmeets the main stream of preheated air. The strangle valve 36 may beemployed in the customary way to temporarily increase the vacuum withinthe carbureter and provide a richer mixture to facilitate starting andwarming up.

The normal or running adjustments of the carbureter, are effectedthrough the screw 23 which regulates the tension of the leafspring 19,thereby proportionately regulating the opening of the diluting air valve15. By the spring arrangement shown, it is quite possible to provide afull range of adjustment under a movement of one revolution 'or less ofthe screw, 23, one extreme of this adjustment tensioning the leaf-spring19 to such an extent as to hold the valve 15 closed under the highestoperating suction, while the other extreme of the adjustment will per-.the carbureter upon the removal of the cover-plate 21. Each of thesemembers has 180 or less bearing upon its pintle and may, therefore, beremoved and replaced without disturbing any other parts of themechanism. It is further to be noted that the nozzle 32 may readily becleaned by the removal of the cover-plate 21 and spring 19, under whichconditions it is possible to introduce a cleaning wire or needle throughthe' heating tube 33 and thence into and through the bore of the nozzleto remove any obstructions therein.

While I have shown and described in considerable detail one specificembodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that this isillustrative only and for the purpose of makingthe invention more clearand that I plied by the heating tube 33, the latter be do not regard theinvention as limited to these details nor to any of them, except in sofar as such limitations are included within the terms of theaccompanying claims in which it is my intention to claim all of thenovelty inherent in my invention as broadly as is permissible in view ofthe prior art.

What I claim is V 1. In a carbureter, a heater adapted to receive theexhaust gases of an internal combustion en ine, a casing connected withsaid heater and aving a mixing chamber therein,

a main air passage leading to said chamber, a valve between the main airpassage and mixing chamber, a fuel inlet, a shunt air passage anteriorto the valve and leading from said main air assage and terminating in anenlarged cham er surrounding the fuel inlet, and a passa e leading fromsaid lastreferred to'cham er through the heating chamber and terminatingin the mixing chamber posterior to the valve separating same from themain air inlet, whereby the fuel is heated in the presence of a smallproportion of air and then mixed with a larger proportion of air atatmospheric tempera-' ture.

2. In a'carbureter, a heater adapted to receive the exhaust gases of aninternal combustlon englne, a casing connected w1th sald heater andhaving a mlxlng chamber thereln,

a main air passage leading to said chamber,- a valve between the meanair passage and mixing chamber, a fuel inlet, a shunt air passage ofrelative restricted area to the main air passage and opening from thelower wall thereof anterior to the valve and leading from said main airpassage and terminating in an enlarged chamber surrounding thefuelinlet, and a assage leading from said last-referred to c amber throu h alarger proportion of air at atmospheric temperature.

HARRY o. WAITE.

